They are used extensively in the automobile industry because of their ability to undergo plastic deformation and still retain their shape. Sheet metal parts are generally characterised by high strength, good dimensional accuracy, and good surface finish. Sheet metal is extremely ductile, can be carried easily as it can be folded, is lightweight, and is economical to use. It is this property that is of most use in the industry, and why the use of sheet metal has been on the rise. This phenomenon is called strain hardening, and the sheet material deforms plastically, but does not fail. As the stress generated in the material continues to grow, the plastic deformation increases. The applied force stresses the metal (mostly steel) to plastic deformation (yield point). Irrespective of the process used, the most important point to remember is that the aim of sheet metal forming is to modify its geometry without removing any material.
Sheet metal manufacturing is mostly performed on a press and the parts are formed between two dies. There are various processes for sheet forming that include drawing, stamping or roll forming and a few others. sheet metal finds applications in the automobile sector, trains, aircrafts, house appliances, computers, machined components, and so on. While steel plates are used in the construction of boilers, turbines, etc. Sheet metal differs from plates by its thickness typical sheet metal is less than 5 – 6 mm while steel plates are more than 6 mm in thickness. Sheet metal essentially consists of an extremely thin sheet of suitable material, with a high surface area to volume ratio. Sheet metal is produced by continuous rolling mills.
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